View source for Silver certificate (United States)

[[File:US-$5-SC-1899-Fr.271.jpg|right|thumb|alt=$5 Series 1899 silver certificate depicting Running Antelope|$5 Series 1899 silver certificate depicting [[Running Antelope]] of the Sioux.]]
[[File:US-$1-SC-1935-A-Fr.2300.jpg|thumb|right|$1 1935 silver certificate with Hawaii overprint|The $1 silver certificate from the [[Hawaii overprint note|Hawaii overprint series]].]]

'''Silver certificates''' are a type of [[representative money]] issued between 1878 and 1964 in the United States as part of its circulation of [[paper currency]].<ref name="BEP website">{{Cite document| title = Silver Certificates| publisher = Bureau of Engraving and Printing/Treasury Website| url = http://www.moneyfactory.gov/silvercertificates.html| accessdate = 12 February 2014| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140403223347/http://moneyfactory.gov/silvercertificates.html| archivedate = 3 April 2014| df = }}</ref>  They were produced in response to [[free silver|silver agitation]] by citizens who were angered by the [[Fourth Coinage Act]], which had effectively placed the United States on a [[gold standard]].<ref name="Leavens24">Leavens, p. 24.</ref>  The certificates were initially redeemable for their face value of [[silver]] [[United States dollar coin|dollar coins]] and later (for one year – June 24, 1967 to June 24, 1968) in raw silver bullion.<ref name="BEP website"/>  Since 1968 they have been redeemable only in [[Federal Reserve Notes]] and are thus obsolete, but still valid [[legal tender]] at their face value and thus are still an accepted form of currency.<ref name="BEP website"/>

Large-size silver certificates (1878 to 1923){{#tag:ref |Large size notes represent the earlier types or series of U.S. banknotes. Their "average" dimension is 7.375 × 3.125 inches (187 × 79&nbsp;mm). Small size notes (described as such due to their size relative to the earlier large size notes) are an "average" 6.125 × 2.625 inches (156 × 67&nbsp;mm), the size of modern U.S. currency. "Each measurement is +/- 0.08 inches (2mm) to account for margins and cutting".<ref>Friedberg & Friedberg, p. 7.</ref>| group="nb"}} were issued initially in denominations from $10 to $1,000 (in 1878 and 1880)<ref>Blake, p. 18.</ref><ref name="Friedberg74">Friedberg & Friedberg, p. 74.</ref> and in 1886 the $1, $2, and $5 were authorized.<ref name="Friedberg74" /><ref name="Knox, p. 155">Knox, p. 155.</ref> In 1928, all United States bank notes were re-designed and the size reduced.<ref>Friedberg & Friedberg, p. 185.</ref>  The small-size silver certificate (1928–1964) was only regularly issued in denominations of $1, $5, and $10.<ref name="Friedberg187">Friedberg & Friedberg, p. 187.</ref> The complete type set below is part of the [[National Numismatic Collection]] at the [[Smithsonian Institution|Smithsonian's]] [[National Museum of American History]].

==History==
The [[Coinage Act of 1873]] intentionally<ref>Friedman, p. 1166.</ref><ref>O’Leary, p. 392.</ref> omitted language authorizing the coinage of “standard”<ref name="Leavens24"/> silver dollars<ref name="Barnett 178">Barnett, p. 178.</ref> and ended the [[bimetallism|bimetallic]] standard<ref>Friedman, p. 1165.</ref> that had been created by [[Alexander Hamilton]].<ref>Lee, p. 388.</ref>{{#tag:ref|Some have suggested that the bimetallic standard was actually initiated by [[Thomas Jefferson]].<ref>Carothers, p. 5.</ref>|group="nb"}} While the Coinage Act of 1873 stopped production of silver dollars, it was the 1874 adoption of Section 3568 of the [[Revised Statutes of the United States|Revised Statutes]] that actually removed [[legal tender]] status from silver certificates in the payment of debts exceeding five dollars.<ref>O’Leary, p. 388.</ref> By 1875 business interests invested in silver (e.g., Western banks, mining companies) wanted the bimetallic standard restored. People began to refer to the passage of the Act as the [[Crime of '73]]. Prompted by a sharp decline in the value of silver in 1876, Congressional representatives from Nevada and Colorado, states responsible for over 40% of the world’s silver yield in the 1870s and 1880s,<ref>Leavens, p. 36.</ref> began lobbying for change. Further public agitation for silver use was driven by fear that there was not enough money in the community.<ref>Taussig, 1892, p. 11.</ref> Members of Congress claimed ignorance that the 1873 law would lead to the demonetization of silver,<ref name="Leavens38">Leavens, p. 38.</ref> despite having had three years to review the bill prior to enacting it to law.<ref>Lee, p. 393.</ref> Some blamed the passage of the Act on a number of external factors including a conspiracy involving foreign investors and government conspirators.<ref name="Barnett 178"/> In response, the [[Bland–Allison Act]], as it came to be known, was passed by Congress (over a Presidential [[Veto#United States|veto]])<ref name="Lee, p. 396">Lee, p. 396.</ref> on 28 February 1878.  It did not provide for the "free and unlimited coinage of silver" demanded by Western miners, but it did require the United States Treasury to purchase between $2 million and $4 million of silver bullion per month<ref>Agger, p. 262.</ref><ref name="Knox153"/> from mining companies in the West, to be minted into coins.{{#tag:ref|Although the exact monthly purchase was left to the discretion of the [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary of the Treasury]], the $2 million minimum was never exceeded.<ref>Taussig, 1892, p. 8.</ref>|group="nb"}}

===Large-size silver certificates===
The first silver certificates (Series 1878) were issued in denominations of $10 through $1,000. {{#tag:ref|“The act of February 28, 1878, also authorized the holder of these silver dollars to deposit: the same with the Treasurer, or any Assistant Treasurer, of the United States, in sums not less than ten dollars, and receive therefor certificates of not less than ten dollars each, corresponding with the denominations of the United States notes.”<ref>Knox, p. 152.</ref>|group="nb"}} Reception by financial institutions was cautious.<ref>Taussig, 1892, p. 15.</ref> While more convenient and less bulky than dollar coins, the silver certificate was not accepted for all transactions.<ref>Taussig, 1892, p. 10.</ref> The Bland–Allison Act established that they were “receivable for customs, taxes, and all public dues,”<ref name="Lee, p. 396"/> and could be included in bank reserves,<ref name="Knox153">Knox, p. 153.</ref> but silver certificates were not explicitly considered legal tender for private interactions (i.e., between individuals).<ref name="Knox153"/> Congress used the National Banking Act of July 12, 1882 to clarify the legal tender status of silver certificates<ref>Taussig, 1892, p. 16.</ref> by clearly authorizing them to be included in the lawful reserves of national banks.<ref name="Champ&Thomson12">Champ & Thomson, p. 12.</ref> A general appropriations act of 4 August 1886 authorized the issue of $1, $2, and $5 silver certificates.<ref name="Knox, p. 155"/><ref>McVey, p. 438.</ref> The introduction of low-denomination currency (as denominations of U.S. Notes under $5 were put on hold) greatly increased circulation.<ref>Champ & Thomson, p. 14.</ref> Over the 12-year lifespan of the Bland–Allison Act, the United States government would receive a [[seigniorage]] amounting to roughly $68 million (between $3 and $9 million per year),<ref name="Leavens39">Leavens, p. 39.</ref> while absorbing over 60% of U.S. silver production.<ref name="Leavens39"/>

===Small-size silver certificates===

[[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Treasury Secretary]] [[Franklin MacVeagh]] (1909–13) appointed a committee to investigate possible advantages (e.g., reduced cost, increased production speed) to issuing smaller sized United States banknotes.<ref name="Schwartz&Lindquist9">Schwartz & Lindquist, p. 9.</ref> Due in part to the outbreak of [[World War I]] and the end of his appointed term, any recommendations may have stalled. On August 20, 1925, Treasury Secretary [[Andrew W. Mellon]] appointed a similar committee and in May 1927 accepted their recommendations for the size reduction and redesign of U.S. banknotes.<ref name="Schwartz&Lindquist9"/> On July 10, 1929 the new small-size currency was issued.<ref name="BEP History">{{Cite document|title=BEP History |publisher=Bureau of Engraving and Printing/ Treasury Website |url=http://www.moneyfactory.gov/historytimeline.html |accessdate=14 February 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114184200/http://moneyfactory.gov/historytimeline.html |archivedate=14 January 2014 |df= }}</ref>

In keeping with the verbiage on large-size silver certificates, all the small-size Series 1928 certificates carried the obligation "This certifies that there has (or have) been deposited in the Treasury of the United States of America X silver dollar(s) payable to the bearer on demand" or "X dollars in silver coin payable to the bearer on demand". This required that the Treasury maintain stocks of silver dollars to back and redeem the silver certificates in circulation. Beginning with the Series 1934 silver certificates the wording was changed to "This certifies that there is on deposit in the Treasury of the United States of America X dollars in silver payable to the bearer on demand." This freed the Treasury from storing bags of silver dollars in its vaults, and allowed it to redeem silver certificates with bullion or silver granules, rather than silver dollars. Years after the government stopped the redemption of silver certificates for silver, large quantities of silver dollars intended specifically to satisfy the earlier obligation for redemption in silver dollars were found in Treasury vaults.

As was usual with currency during this period, the year date on the bill did not reflect when it was printed, but rather a major design change.  Additional changes, particularly when either of the two signatures was altered, led to a letter being added below the date. One notable exception was the Series 1935G $1 silver certificate, which included notes both with and without the motto "In God We Trust" on the reverse. 1935 dated one dollar certificates lasted through the letter "H", after which new printing processes began the 1957 series.<ref>[http://www.oldcurrencyvalues.com/1935_one_silver_dollar.html Series of 1935 $1 Silver Certificate - Values and Pricing] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140507035607/http://www.oldcurrencyvalues.com/1935_one_silver_dollar.html |date=2014-05-07 }}</ref>  In some cases printing plates were used until they wore out, even though newer ones were also producing notes, so the sequencing of signatures may not always be chronological.  Thus some of the 1935 dated one dollar certificates were issued as late as 1963.<ref>[http://www.uspapermoney.info/general/deliv_s.html Delivery Dates by Series]</ref>

===World War II Issues===

In response to the Japanese [[attack on Pearl Harbor]], the [[Hawaii overprint note]] was ordered from the [[Bureau of Engraving and Printing]] on June 8, 1942 (all were made-over 1934-1935 bills).<ref name="BEP History"/> Issued in denominations of $1, $5, $10, and $20, only the $1 was a silver certificate, the others were [[Federal Reserve Note]]s.<ref name="Schwartz&Lindquist24">Schwartz & Lindquist, p. 24.</ref> Stamped “HAWAII” (in small solid letters on the obverse and large letters on the reverse), with the Treasury seal and serial numbers in brown instead of the usual blue, these notes could be demonetized in the event of a Japanese invasion.<ref name="Cuhaj133">Cuhaj, p. 133.</ref>  Additional [[World War II]] emergency currency was issued in November 1942 for circulation in Europe and Northern Africa.<ref name="BEP History"/> Printed with a bright yellow seal, these notes ($1, $5, and $10) could be demonetized should the United States lose its position in the [[European theatre of World War II|European]] or [[North African Campaign|North African]] campaigns.<ref name="Schwartz&Lindquist24"/>

==="Star notes"===
When a bill is damaged in printing it is normally replaced by another one (the star replaces a letter at the edge of the note) .  To keep the amounts issued consistent, these [[replacement banknote]]s are normally indicated by a star in the separately sequenced serial number.  For silver certificates this [[asterisk]] appears at the beginning of the serial number.<ref>[http://www.oldcurrencyvalues.com/Value_Of_Star_Notes.html A Guide To Values and Pricing for Star Notes] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126121753/http://oldcurrencyvalues.com/Value_Of_Star_Notes.html |date=2013-11-26 }}</ref>

===End of the silver certificates===

In the nearly three decades since passage of the Silver Purchase Act of 1934, the annual demand for silver bullion rose steadily from roughly 11 million ounces (1933) to 110 million ounces (1962).<ref name="Dillon401">Dillon, p.401.</ref> The Acts of 1939 and 1946 established floor prices for silver of 71 cents and 90.5 cents (respectively) per ounce.<ref name="Dillon401"/> Predicated on an anticipated shortage of silver bullion,<ref name="Ascher, p. 99">Ascher, p. 99.</ref><ref name="Dillon400">Dillon, p.400.</ref> [[Executive Order 11110#Public Law 88-36|Public Law 88-36 (PL88-36)]] was enacted on 4 June 1963 which repealed the Silver Purchase Act of 1934, and the Acts of July 6, 1939 and July 31, 1946,<ref name="PL88-36">{{Cite report|year=1963| title = Public Law 88-36 (An Act to repeal certain legislation relating to the purchase of silver, and for other purposes)| publisher = U.S. Government Printing Office  | url = http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-77/pdf/STATUTE-77-Pg53.pdf| accessdate = 14 February 2014}}</ref> while providing specific instruction regarding the disposition of silver held as reserves against issued certificates and the price at which silver may be sold.{{#tag:ref| “SEC. 2. The Secretary of the Treasury shall maintain the ownership and the possession or control within the United States of an amount of silver of a monetary value equal to the face amount of all outstanding silver certificates. Unless the market price of silver exceeds its monetary value, the Secretary of the Treasury shall not dispose of any silver held or owned by the United States in excess of that required to be held as reserves against outstanding silver certificates, but any such excess silver may be sold to other departments and agencies of the Government or used for the coinage of standard silver dollars and subsidiary silver coins. Silver certificates shall be exchangeable on demand at the Treasury of the United States for silver dollars or, at the option of the Secretary of the Treasury, at such places as he may designate, for silver bullion of a monetary value equal to the face amount of the certificates”.<ref name="PL88-36"/>|group="nb"}} It also amended the [[Federal Reserve Act]] to authorize the issue of lower denomination notes (i.e., $1 and $2),<ref name="PL88-36"/> allowing for the gradual retirement (or swapping out process) of $1 silver certificates and releasing silver bullion from reserve.<ref name="Dillon400"/> In repealing the earlier laws, PL88-36 also repealed the authority of the Secretary of the Treasury to control the issue of silver certificates. By issuing [[Executive Order 11110]], President [[John F. Kennedy]] was able to continue the Secretary’s authority.<ref>Grey, p. 83.</ref> While retaining their status as legal tender, the silver certificate had effectively been retired from use.<ref name="BEP History"/>

In March 1964, Secretary of the Treasury [[C. Douglas Dillon]] halted redemption of silver certificates for silver dollar coins; during the following four years, silver certificates were redeemable in uncoined silver "granules".<ref name="Ascher, p. 99"/> All redemption in silver ceased on 24 June 1968.<ref name="BEP website"/>  While there are some exceptions (particularly for some of the very early issues as well as the experimental bills) the vast majority of small sized one dollar silver certificates, especially non-star or worn bills of the 1935 and 1957 series, are worth little or nothing above their face values. They can still occasionally be found in circulation.

==Issue==
===Series and varieties===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Series and varieties of large-size silver certificates<ref>Friedberg & Friedberg, pp. 70–90 and 188–90.</ref>
|-
! scope="col" style="width:60px;"| Series
! scope="col" style="width:50px;"| Value 
! scope="col" style="width:500px;"| Features/varieties 
|-

|1878 and<br/>1880
{{#tag:ref |Notes issued under a given Series (e.g., Series 1880, Series 1899) are, in some cases, released over a period of years, as reflected in the Friedberg number signature and seal varieties. For example, based on dates of the signature combinations,<ref>Friedberg & Friedberg, p. 303.</ref> the Series 1899 $1 silver certificate was first issued with the signature combination of Lyons and Robert (in office together from 1898 to 1905) and last issued with the Speelman and White signatures (in office together from 1922 to 1927). Therefore, a Series 1899 note could have been issued as late as 1927. | group="nb"}}
|$10<br/>$20<br/>$50<br/>$100<br/>$500<br/>$1,000
|In addition to the two engraved signatures customary on United States banknotes (the [[Register of the Treasury]] and [[Treasurer of the United States]]), the first issue of the Series 1878 notes (similar to the early [[Gold Certificate]]) included a third signature of one of the Assistant Treasurers of the United States (in New York, San Francisco, or Washington DC).<ref>Blake, p. 19.</ref> Known as a countersigned or triple-signature note, this feature existed for the first run of notes issued in 1880, but was then removed from the remaining 1880 issues.<ref name="Friedberg74"/>
|-

|1886
|$1<br/>$2<br/>$5<br/>$10<br/>$20
|The Act of August 4, 1886 authorized the issue of lower denomination ($1, $2, and $5) silver certificates.<ref name="Knox, p. 155"/> Similar to the Series 1878/1880 notes, the Treasury seal characteristics (size, color, and style) varies with the change of the Treasury signatures.<ref name="Friedberg&Friedberg6-7">Friedberg & Friedberg, pp. 6–7.</ref> The series is known for the ornate engraving on the reverse of the note. 
|-

|1891
|$1, $2<br/>$5, $10<br/>$20, $50<br/>$100<br/>$1,000
|The [[Bureau of Engraving and Printing]] introduced the process of [[Sizing#Papermaking|“resizing”]] paper for Series 1891 notes.<ref>{{cite report |last=| first=| year=1892 |title= Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the State of the Finances |journal= |volume= |issue=|page=475|publisher= United States Department of the Treasury|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DSgSAAAAYAAJ
|accessdate=16 February 2014}}</ref>

|-

|1896
|$1<br/>$2<br/>$5
|The [[Educational Series]] is considered to be the most artistically designed bank notes printed by the United States.<ref name="Friedberg74" />
|-

|1899
|$1<br/>$2<br/>$5
|Large-size silver certificates from the Series of 1899 forward have a blue Treasury seal and serial numbers.<ref>Friedberg & Friedberg, pp. 74–81.</ref>
|-

|1908
|$10
|
|-

|1923
|$1<br/>$5
|
|-
|}

===Large-size United States silver certificates (1878-1923)===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Complete typeset of large-size United States silver certificates (1878-1923)<ref>Friedberg & Friedberg, pp. 70–90.</ref>
|-
! scope="col" style="width:30px;"| Value
! scope="col" style="width:40px;"| Series
! scope="col" style="width:40px; "| Fr.{{#tag:ref |"Fr" numbers refer to the numbering system in the widely used Friedberg reference book. Fr. numbers indicate varieties existing within a larger type design.<ref name="Friedberg&Friedberg6-7"/>| group="nb"}}
! scope="col" style="width:200px;"| Image
! scope="col" style="width:150px;" class="unsortable"| Portrait
! scope="col" style="width:400px;" class="unsortable"| Signature & seal varieties{{#tag:ref|Varieties are presented by Fr. number followed by the specific differences in signature combination, seal (color, size, and style), and minor design changes, if applicable. For Series 1878 notes, an asterisk following the Assistant Treasurer’s name indicates it is hand-signed versus engraved.|group="nb"}}
|-
! scope="row"|$1
|1886
|Fr.217
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1886-Fr-217.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1886, Fr.215, depicting Martha 
Washington]]
|[[Martha Washington]]
|215 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Conrad N. Jordan|Jordan]] – small red, plain<br/>
216 – Rosecrans and [[James W. Hyatt|Hyatt]] – small red, plain<br/>
217 – Rosecrans and Hyatt – large red<br/>
218 – Rosecrans and [[James N. Huston|Huston]] – large red<br/>
219 – Rosecrans and Huston – large brown<br/>
220 – Rosecrans and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – large brown<br/>
221 – Rosecrans and Nebecker – small red, scalloped
|-
! scope="row"|$1
|1891
|Fr.223
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1891-Fr.223.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1891, Fr.223, depicting Martha Washington]]
|[[Martha Washington]]
|222 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red, scalloped<br/>
223 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red, scalloped
|-
! scope="row"|$1
|1896
|Fr.224
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1896-Fr-224-(3923429).jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1896, Fr.224, depicting allegory entitled "History Instructing Youth"]]
|Allegory ''History Instructing Youth'' (obv); [[George Washington]] & [[Martha Washington]] (rev)
|224 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red, rays<br/>
225 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – small red, rays
|-
! scope="row"|$1
|1899
|Fr.226
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1899-Fr-226.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1899, Fr.226, depicting Abraham Lincoln and Ulysses Grant]]
|[[Abraham Lincoln]] & [[U.S. Grant|Ulysses Grant]]
|226 – [[Judson Whitlocke Lyons|Lyons]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – blue<br/>
[[:File:US-$1-SC-1899-Fr-227.jpg|227]] – Lyons and [[Charles H. Treat|Treat]] – blue<br/>
228 – [[William Tecumseh Vernon|Vernon]] and Treat – blue<br/>
229 – Vernon and [[Lee McClung|McClung]] – blue<br/>
230 – [[James Carroll Napier|Napier]] and McClung – blue<br/>
231 – Napier and [[Carmi A. Thompson|Thompson]] – blue<br/>
232 – [[Gabe E. Parker|Parker]] and [[John Burke (politician)|Burke]] – blue<br/>
233 – [[Houston Benge Teehee|Teehee]] and Burke – blue<br/>
234 – [[William S. Elliott|Elliott]] and Burke – blue<br/>
[[:File:US-$1-SC-1899-Fr.235.jpg|235]] – Elliott and [[Frank White (Governor)|White]] – blue<br/>
236 – [[Harley V. Speelman|Speelman]] and White – blue
|-
! scope="row"|$1
|1923
|Fr.239
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1923-Fr-239.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1923, Fr.239, depicting George Washington]]
|[[George Washington]]
|[[:File:US-$1-SC-1923-Fr.237.jpg|237]] – [[Harley V. Speelman|Speelman]] and [[Frank White (Governor)|White]] – blue<br/>
238 – [[Walter Orr Woods|Woods]] and White – blue<br/>
239 – Woods and [[Harold Theodore Tate|Tate]] – blue
|-
! scope="row"|$2
|1886
|Fr.242
|[[File:US-$2-SC-1886-Fr.242.jpg|200px|alt=$2 Silver Certificate, Series 1886, Fr.242, depicting Winfield Scott Hancock]]
|[[Winfield Scott Hancock]]
|240 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Conrad N. Jordan|Jordan]] – small red<br/>
241 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[James W. Hyatt|Hyatt]] – small red<br/>
242 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and Hyatt – large red<br/>
243 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[James N. Huston|Huston]] – large red<br/>
244 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and Huston – large brown
|-
! scope="row"|$2
|1891
|Fr.246
|[[File:US-$2-SC-1891-Fr.246.jpg|200px|alt=$2 Silver Certificate, Series 1891, Fr.246, depicting William Windom]]
|[[William Windom]]
|245 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red<br/>
246 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red
|-
! scope="row"|$2
|1896
|Fr.247
|[[File:US-$2-SC-1896-Fr.247.jpg|200px|alt=$2 Silver Certificate, Series 1896, Fr.1896, depicting allegory entitled "Science Presenting Steam and Electricity to Commerce and Manufacture"]]
|Allegory of ''Science Presenting Steam and Electricity to Commerce and Manufacture'' (obv); [[Robert Fulton]] & [[Samuel Morse|Samuel F.B. Morse]] (rev)
|247 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red<br/>
248 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – small red
|-
! scope="row"|$2
|1899
|Fr.249
|[[File:US-$2-SC-1899-Fr-249.jpg|200px|alt=$2 Silver Certificate, Series 1899, Fr.249, depicting George Washington]]
|[[George Washington]]
|249 – [[Judson Whitlocke Lyons|Lyons]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – blue<br/>
250 – Lyons and [[Charles H. Treat|Treat]] – blue<br/>
251 – [[William Tecumseh Vernon|Vernon]] and Treat – blue<br/>
252 – Vernon and [[Lee McClung|McClung]] – blue<br/>
253 – [[James Carroll Napier|Napier]] and McClung – blue<br/>
254 – Napier and [[Carmi A. Thompson|Thompson]] – blue<br/>
[[:File:US-$2-SC-1899-Fr.255.jpg|255]] – [[Gabe E. Parker|Parker]] and [[John Burke (politician)|Burke]] – blue<br/>
256 – [[Houston Benge Teehee|Teehee]] and Burke – blue<br/>
257 – [[William S. Elliott|Elliott]] and Burke – blue<br/>
258 – [[Harley V. Speelman|Speelman]] and [[Frank White (Governor)|White]] – blue
|-
! scope="row"|$5
|1886
|Fr.264
|[[File:US-$5-SC-1886-Fr.264.jpg|200px|alt=$5 Silver Certificate, Series 1886, Fr.264, depicting Ulysses Grant]]
|[[U.S. Grant|Ulysses Grant]]
|259 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Conrad N. Jordan|Jordan]] – small red, plain<br/>
260 – Rosecrans and [[James W. Hyatt|Hyatt]] – small red, plain<br/>
261 – Rosecrans and Hyatt – large red<br/>
262 – Rosecrans and [[James N. Huston|Huston]] – large red<br/>
263 – Rosecrans and Huston – large brown<br/>
264 – Rosecrans and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – large brown<br/>
265 – Rosecrans and Nebecker – small red, scalloped
|-
! scope="row"|$5
|1891
|Fr.267
|[[File:US-$5-SC-1891-Fr-267.jpg|200px|alt=$5 Silver Certificate, Series 1891, Fr.267, depicting Ulysses Grant]]
|[[U.S. Grant|Ulysses Grant]]
|[[:File:US-$5-SC-1891-Fr.266.jpg|266]] – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red, scalloped<br/>
267 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red
|-
! scope="row"|$5
|1896
|Fr.270
|[[File:US-$5-SC-1896-Fr.270.jpg|200px|alt=$5 Silver Certificate, Series 1896, Fr.270, depicting allegory entitled "Electricity Presenting Light to the World"]]
|Allegory of ''Electricity Presenting Light to the World'' (obv); [[U.S. Grant|Ulysses Grant]] & [[Philip Sheridan]] (rev)
|268 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red<br/>
269 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – small red<br/>
270 – [[Judson Whitlocke Lyons|Lyons]] and Roberts – small red
|-
! scope="row"|$5
|1899
|Fr.271
|[[File:US-$5-SC-1899-Fr.271.jpg|200px|alt=$5 Silver Certificate, Series 1899, Fr.271, depicting Running Antelope]]
|[[Running Antelope]]
|271 – [[Judson Whitlocke Lyons|Lyons]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – blue<br/>
272 – Lyons and [[Charles H. Treat|Treat]] – blue<br/>
273 – [[William Tecumseh Vernon|Vernon]] and Treat – blue<br/>
274 – Vernon and [[Lee McClung|McClung]] – blue<br/>
275 – [[James Carroll Napier|Napier]] and McClung – blue<br/>
276 – Napier and [[Carmi A. Thompson|Thompson]] – blue<br/>
277 – [[Gabe E. Parker|Parker]] and [[John Burke (politician)|Burke]] – blue<br/>
278 – [[Houston Benge Teehee|Teehee]] and Burke – blue<br/>
279 – [[William S. Elliott|Elliott]] and Burke – blue<br/>
280 – Elliott and [[Frank White (Governor)|White]] – blue<br/>
281 – [[Harley V. Speelman|Speelman]] and White – blue
|-
! scope="row"|$5
|1923
|Fr.282
|[[File:US-$5-SC-1923-Fr-282-(A3347311B).jpg|200px|alt=$5 Silver Certificate, Series 1923, Fr.282, depicting Abraham Lincoln]]
|[[Abraham Lincoln]]
|282 – [[Harley V. Speelman|Speelman]] and [[Frank White (Governor)|White]] – blue
|-
! scope="row"|$10
|1878
|Fr.285a*
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1878-Fr.285a.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1878, Fr.285a, depicting Robert Morris]]
|[[Robert Morris (financier)|Robert Morris]]
|283 – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]], CS by W.G. White – large red<br/>
284 – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by J.C. Hopper – large red<br/>
284a – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by [[Thomas Hillhouse (adjutant general)|T. Hillhouse]]* – large red<br/>
284b – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by T. Hillhouse – large red<br/>
284c – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by R.M. Anthony* – large red<br/>
285 – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by [[A. U. Wyman|A.U. Wyman]]* – large red<br/>
285a – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by A.U. Wyman – large red
|-
! scope="row"|$10
|1880
|Fr.287
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1880-Fr-287.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1880, Fr.287, depicting Robert Morris]]
|[[Robert Morris (financier)|Robert Morris]]
|286 – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]], CS by [[Thomas Hillhouse (adjutant general)|T. Hillhouse]] – large brown with X<br/>
286a – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by [[A. U. Wyman|A.U. Wyman]] – large brown with X<br/>
287 – Scofield and Gilfillan – large brown with X<br/>
288 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and Gilfillan – large brown with X<br/>
289 – Bruce and Wyman – large brown with X<br/>
[[:File:US-$10-SC-1880-Fr.290.jpg|290]] – Bruce and Wyman – large red without X

|-
! scope="row"|$10
|1886
|Fr.291
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1886-Fr-291.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1886, Fr.291, depicting Thomas Hendricks]]
|[[Thomas Hendricks]]
|291 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Conrad N. Jordan|Jordan]] – small red, plain<br/>
292 – Rosecrans and [[James W. Hyatt|Hyatt]] – small red, plain<br/>
[[:File:US-$10-SC-1886-Fr.293.jpg|293]] – Rosecrans and Hyatt – large red<br/>
294 – Rosecrans and [[James N. Huston|Huston]] – large red<br/>
295 – Rosecrans and Huston – large brown<br/>
296 – Rosecrans and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – large brown<br/>
297 – Rosecrans and Nebecker – small red, scalloped

|-
! scope="row"|$10
|1891
|Fr.298
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1891-FR-298.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1891, Fr.298, depicting Thomas Hendricks]]
|[[Thomas Hendricks]]
|298 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red<br/>
299 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red<br/>
300 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – small red<br/>
301 – [[Judson Whitlocke Lyons|Lyons]] and Roberts – small red

|-
! scope="row"|$10
|1908
|Fr.302
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1908-Fr-302.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1908, Fr.302, depicting Thomas Hendricks]]
|[[Thomas Hendricks]]
|302 – [[William Tecumseh Vernon|Vernon]] and [[Charles H. Treat|Treat]] – blue<br/>
303 – Vernon and [[Lee McClung|McClung]] – blue<br/>
[[:File:US-$10-SC-1908-Fr.304.jpg|304]] – [[Gabe E. Parker|Parker]] and [[John Burke (politician)|Burke]] – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$20
|1878
|Fr.307
|[[File:US-$20-SC-1878-Fr.307.jpg|200px|alt=$20 Silver Certificate, Series 1878, Fr.307, depicting Stephen Decatur]]
|[[Stephen Decatur]]
|305 – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]], CS by J.C. Hopper – large red<br/>
306 – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by [[Thomas Hillhouse (adjutant general)|T. Hillhouse]] – large red<br/>
306a – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by R.M. Anthony – large red<br/>
306b – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by [[A. U. Wyman|A.U. Wyman]]* – large red<br/>
307 – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by A.U. Wyman – large red

|-
! scope="row"|$20
|1880
|Fr.311
|[[File:US-$20-SC-1880-Fr.311.jpg|200px|alt=$20 Silver Certificate, Series 1880, Fr.311, depicting Stephen Decatur]]
|[[Stephen Decatur]]
|308 – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]], CS by [[Thomas Hillhouse (adjutant general)|T. Hillhouse]] – large brown<br/>
309 – Scofield and Gilfillan – large brown<br/>
310 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and Gilfillan – large brown<br/>
311 – Bruce and [[A.U. Wyman|Wyman]] – large brown<br/>
312 – Bruce and Wyman – small red

|-
! scope="row"|$20
|1886
|Fr.316
|[[File:US-$20-SC-1886-Fr-316.jpg|200px|alt=$20 Silver Certificate, Series 1886, Fr.316, depicting Daniel Manning]]
|[[Daniel Manning]]
|313 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[James W. Hyatt|Hyatt]] – large red<br/>
[[:File:US-$20-SC-1886-Fr.314.jpg|314]] – Rosecrans and [[James N. Huston|Huston]] – large brown<br/>
315 – Rosecrans and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – large brown<br/>
316 – Rosecrans and Nebecker – small red

|-
! scope="row"|$20
|1891
|Fr.317
|[[File:US-$20-SC-1891-Fr-317.jpg|200px|alt=$20 Silver Certificate, Series 1891, Fr.317, depicting Daniel Manning]]
|[[Daniel Manning]]
|317 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red<br/>
318 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red<br/>
319 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – small red<br/>
320 – [[Judson Whitlocke Lyons|Lyons]] and Roberts – small red<br/>
[[:File:US-$20-SC-1891-Fr.321.jpg|321]] – [[Gabe E. Parker|Parker]] and [[John Burke (politician)|Burke]] – blue<br/>
322 – [[Houston Benge Teehee|Teehee]] and Burke – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$50
|1878
|Fr.324
|[[File:US-$50-SC-1878-Fr.324-PROOF.jpg|200px|alt=$50 Silver Certificate, Series 1878, Fr.324, depicting Edward Everett]]
|[[Edward Everett]]
|323 – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]], CS by W.C. White* or J.C. Hopper* – large red<br/>
324 – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by [[Thomas Hillhouse (adjutant general)|T. Hillhouse]] – large red<br/>
324a – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by R.M. Anthony – large red<br/>
324b – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by [[A. U. Wyman|A.U. Wyman]]* – large red<br/>
324c – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by A.U. Wyman – large red

|-
! scope="row"|$50
|1880
|Fr.327
|[[File:US-$50-SC-1880-Fr-327.jpg|200px|alt=$50 Silver Certificate, Series 1880, Fr.327, depicting Edward Everett]]
|[[Edward Everett]]
|325 – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]] – large brown, rays<br/>
326 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and Gilfillan – large brown, rays<br/>
327 – Bruce and [[A.U. Wyman|Wyman]] – large brown, rays<br/>
[[:File:US-$50-SC-1880-Fr.328.jpg|328]] – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[James N. Huston|Huston]] – large brown, spikes<br/>
329 – Rosecrans and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red

|-
! scope="row"|$50
|1891
|Fr.331
|[[File:US-$50-SC-1891-Fr.331.jpg|200px|alt=$50 Silver Certificate, Series 1891, Fr.331, depicting Edward Everett]]
|[[Edward Everett]]
|330 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red<br/>
331 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red<br/>
332 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and [[Ellis H. Roberts|Roberts]] – small red<br/>
333 – [[Judson Whitlocke Lyons|Lyons]] and Roberts – small red<br/>
334 – [[William Tecumseh Vernon|Vernon]] and [[Charles H. Treat|Treat]] – small red<br/>
335 – [[Gabe E. Parker|Parker]] and [[John Burke (politician)|Burke]] – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$100
|1878
|Fr.337b
|[[File:US-$100-SC-1878-Fr.337b.jpg|200px|alt=$100 Silver Certificate, Series 1878, Fr.337b, depicting James Monroe]]
|[[James Monroe]]
|336 – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]], CS by W.G. White – large red<br/>
336a – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by J.C. Hopper or [[Thomas Hillhouse (adjutant general)|T. Hillhouse]] – large red<br/>
337 – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by R.M. Anthony* – large red<br/>
337a – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by [[A. U. Wyman|A.U. Wyman]]* – large red<br/>
337b – Scofield and Gilfillan, CS by A.U. Wyman – large red

|-
! scope="row"|$100
|1880
|Fr.340
|[[File:US-$100-SC-1880-Fr-340.jpg|200px|alt=$100 Silver Certificate, Series 1880, Fr.340, depicting James Monroe]]
|[[James Monroe]]
|338– [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]] – large brown, rays<br/>
339 – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and Gilfillan – large brown, rays<br/>
340 – Bruce and [[A.U. Wyman|Wyman]] – large brown, rays<br/>
[[:File:US-$100-SC-1880-Fr.341.jpg|341]] – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[James N. Huston|Huston]] – large brown, spikes<br/>
342 – Rosecrans and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red

|-
! scope="row"|$100
|1891
|Fr.344
|[[File:US-$100-SC-1891-Fr.344.jpg|200px|alt=$100 Silver Certificate, Series 1891, Fr.344, depicting James Monroe]]
|[[James Monroe]]
|343 – [[William Starke Rosecrans|Rosecrans]] and [[Enos H. Nebecker|Nebecker]] – small red<br/>
344 – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red
|-

! scope="row"|$500
|1878
|Fr.345a
|[[File:US-$500-SC-1878-Fr-345a.jpg|200px|alt=$500 Silver Certificate, Series 1878, Fr.345a, depicting Charles Sumner]]
|[[Charles Sumner]]
|345a – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]], CS by [[A. U. Wyman|A.U. Wyman]]* – large red, rays

|-
! scope="row"|$500
|1880
|Fr.345c
|[[File:US-$500-SC-1880-Fr-345c.jpg|200px|alt=$500 Silver Certificate, Series 1880, Fr.345c, depicting Charles Sumner]]
|[[Charles Sumner]]
|345b – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]] – large brown<br/>
345c – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and Gilfillan – large brown<br/>
345d – Bruce and [[A.U. Wyman|Wyman]] – large brown

|-
! scope="row"|$1,000
|1878
|Fr.346a
|[[File:US-$1000-SC-1878-FR-346a-PROOF.jpg|200px|alt=$1000 Silver Certificate, Series 1878, Fr.346a, depicting William Marcy]]
|[[William Marcy]]
|346a – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]], CS unknown – large red, rays

|-
! scope="row"|$1,000
|1880
|Fr.346d
|[[File:US-$1000-SC-1880-Fr-346d.jpg|200px|alt=$1000 Silver Certificate, Series 1880, Fr.346d, depicting William Marcy]]
|[[William Marcy]]
|346b – [[Glenni William Scofield|Scofield]] and [[James Gilfillan|Gilfillan]] – large brown<br/>
346c – [[Blanche Bruce|Bruce]] and Gilfillan – large brown<br/>
346d – Bruce and [[A.U. Wyman|Wyman]] – large brown

|-
! scope="row"|$1,000
|1891
|Fr.346e
|[[File:US-$1000-SC-1891-Fr-346e.jpg|200px|alt=$1000 Silver Certificate, Series 1891, Fr.346e, depicting William Marcy]]
|[[William Marcy]]
|346e – [[James Fount Tillman|Tillman]] and [[Daniel N. Morgan|Morgan]] – small red
|-
|}

<!--By this time, the [[Federal Reserve]] had taken over much of the currency market, and the prices of gold and silver had risen greatly.  For the [[Series of 1928 (United States Currency)|Series of 1928]], only $1 silver certificates were produced.  Fives and tens of this time were mainly Federal Reserve Notes, which were backed by and redeemable in gold.  All this would change, however, with the beginning of the [[Great Depression]] in October 1929, when the United States economy met with profound disaster.

In response, President [[Franklin Roosevelt]] persuaded Congress to recall all gold coins, gold bullion, and gold certificates, which circulated alongside silver certificates.  This prompted Congress to quietly place the U.S. on the silver standard.  On May 12, 1933, the Agricultural Adjustment Act was passed, which included a clause allowing for the pumping of silver into the market to replace the gold.  A new Series 1933 $10 silver certificate was printed, but not many were released into circulation.

A 1934 law allowed the government to exchange silver bullion (instead of silver dollars) for silver certificates.  The 1933 $10 certificates, as well as the 1928 $1 certificates, were phased out and replaced with Series of 1934 certificates.  The obligation on these certificates was changed to read "<small>THIS CERTIFIES THAT THERE IS ON DEPOSIT IN THE TREASURY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (NUMBER) DOLLAR(S) IN SILVER PAYABLE TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND</small>".  The small-size $5 silver certificate was also introduced with this series.-->

===Small-size United States silver certificates (1928-1957)===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Complete typeset of small-size United States silver certificates (1928-1957)<ref>Friedberg & Friedberg, pp. 188–90.</ref> 
|-
! scope="col" style="width:30px;"| Value
! scope="col" style="width:40px;"| Series
! scope="col" style="width:40px; "| Fr.{{#tag:ref|Because small-size silver certificates are presented in ascending Friedberg number, World War II emergency issue notes (2300, 2306, 2307, and 2309) are presented out of chronological order at the end of the table.|group="nb"}}
! scope="col" style="width:200px;"| Image
! scope="col" style="width:150px;" class="unsortable"| Portrait
! scope="col" style="width:400px;" class="unsortable"| Signature & seal varieties
|-
! scope="row"|$1
|<span style="display:none">1928</span>1928 to 1928-E
|Fr.1600
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1928-Fr.1600.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1928, Fr.1600, depicting George Washington]]
|[[George Washington]]
|1600 – [[Harold Theodore Tate|Tate]] and [[Andrew W. Mellon|Mellon]] (1928) – blue<br/>
1601 – [[W.O. Woods|Woods]] and Mellon (1928A) – blue{{#tag:ref|Serial blocks of the 1928A and 1928B silver certificates that were lettered XB or YB were made of experimental paper, and ZB of regular paper as a control.<ref>Schwartz & Lindquist, p. 31.</ref>|group="nb"}}<br/>
1602 – Woods and [[Ogden L. Mills|Mills]] (1928B) – blue<br/>
1603 – Woods and [[William H. Woodin|Woodin]] (1928C) – blue<br/>
1604 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and Woodin (1928D) – blue<br/>
1605 – Julian and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] (1928E) – blue
|-

! scope="row"|$1
|<span style="display:none">1934</span>1934
|Fr.1606
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1934-Fr.1606.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1934, Fr.1606, depicting George Washington]]
|[[George Washington]]
|1606 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] (1934) – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$1
|<span style="display:none">1935</span>1935 to 1935-G
|Fr.1607
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1935-Fr-1607.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1935, Fr.1607, depicting George Washington]]
|[[George Washington]]
|1607 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] (1935) – blue<br/>
1608 – Julian and Morgenthau (1935A)– blue<br/>
[[:File:US-$1-SC-1935-A-Fr.1609.jpg|1609]] – Julian and Morgenthau (1935A) R-Exp – blue.{{#tag:ref|Series 1935A "Experimental" bills were stamped with either a red "R" or "S" while testing regular and synthetic papers.<ref name="Friedberg187"/>|group="nb"}}<br/>
[[:File:US-$1-SC-1935-A-Fr.1610.jpg|1610]] – Julian and Morgenthau (1935A) S-Exp – blue<br/>
1611 – Julian and [[Fred M. Vinson|Vinson]] (1935B) – blue<br/>
1612 – Julian and [[John W. Snyder|Snyder]] (1935C) – blue<br/>
1613W – [[Georgia Neese Clark|Clark]] and Snyder (1935D) Wide – blue{{#tag:ref |For 1935D - narrow and wide refer to the width of design features on the reverse of the note. The wide variety is 0.0625 in (1.5875 mm) larger and has a 4-digit reverse plate number less than 5016.<ref>Friedberg & Friedberg, p. 170.</ref>| group="nb"}}<br/>
1613N – Clark and Snyder (1935D) Narrow – blue<br/>
1614 – [[Ivy Baker Priest|Priest]] and [[George M. Humphrey|Humphrey]] (1935E) – blue<br/>
1615 – Priest and [[Robert B. Anderson|Anderson]] (1935F) – blue<br/>
1616 – [[Elizabeth Rudel Smith|Smith]] and [[C. Douglas Dillon|Dillon]] (1935G) – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$1
|<span style="display:none">1957</span>1935-G to 1957-B
|Fr.1619
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1957-Fr.1619.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1957, Fr.1619, depicting George Washington]]
|[[George Washington]]
|1617 – [[Elizabeth Rudel Smith|Smith]] and [[C. Douglas Dillon|Dillon]]  (1935G) – blue{{#tag:ref|The motto (“In God We Trust”) was added to the Series of 1935G notes midway through the issue.<ref name="Friedberg187"/>|group="nb"}}<br/>
1618 – [[Kathryn O'Hay Granahan|Granahan]] and Dillon (1935H) – blue<br/>
1619 – [[Ivy Baker Priest|Priest]] and [[Robert B. Anderson|Anderson]] (1957) – blue<br/>
1620 – Smith and Dillon (1957A) – blue<br/>
1621 – Granahan and Dillon (1957B) – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$5
|<span style="display:none">1934</span>1934 to 1934-D
|Fr.1650
|[[File:US-$5-SC-1934-Fr.1650.jpg|200px|alt=$5 Silver Certificate, Series 1934, Fr.1650, depicting Abraham Lincoln]]
|[[Abraham Lincoln]]
|1650 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] (1934) – blue<br/>
1651 – Julian and Morgenthau (1934A) – blue<br/>
1652 – Julian and [[Fred M. Vinson|Vinson]] (1934B) – blue<br/>
1653 – Julian and [[John W. Snyder|Snyder]] (1934C) – blue<br/>
1654 – [[Georgia Neese Clark|Clark]] and Snyder (1934D) – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$5
|<span style="display:none">1953</span>1953 to 1953-C
|Fr.1655
|[[File:US-$5-SC-1953-Fr.1655.jpg|200px|alt=$5 Silver Certificate, Series 1953, Fr.1655, depicting Abraham Lincoln]]
|[[Abraham Lincoln]]
|1655 – [[Ivy Baker Priest|Priest]] and [[George M. Humphrey|Humphrey]] (1953) – blue<br/>
1656 – Priest and [[Robert B. Anderson|Anderson]] (1953A) – blue<br/>
1657 – [[Elizabeth Rudel Smith|Smith]] and [[C. Douglas Dillon|Dillon]] (1953B) – blue<br/>
1658 – [[Kathryn O'Hay Granahan|Granahan]] and Dillon (1953C) – blue{{refn|group="nb"|name=not issued| Printed but not issued.<ref name="Friedberg190">Friedberg & Friedberg, p. 190.</ref>}}

|-
! scope="row"|$10
|<span style="display:none">1933</span>1933 to 1933-A
|Fr.1700
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1933-Fr.1700.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1933, Fr.1700, depicting Alexander Hamilton]]
|[[Alexander Hamilton]]
|1700 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[William H. Woodin|Woodin]] (1933) – blue{{#tag:ref|Very few Series 1933 $10 Silver Certificates were released before they were replaced by Series 1934 and most of those remaining were consigned to destruction; only a few dozen are known to collectors today.<ref>Schwartz & Lindquist, p. 156.</ref>|group="nb"}}
1700a – Julian and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] (1933A) – blue{{refn|group="nb"|name=not issued}}
|-

! scope="row"|$10
|<span style="display:none">1934</span>1934 to 1934-D
|Fr.1701
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1934-Fr.1701.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1934, Fr.1701, depicting Alexander Hamilton]]
|[[Alexander Hamilton]]
|1701 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] (1934) – blue<br/>
1702 – Julian and Morgenthau (1934A) – blue<br/>
1703 – Julian and [[Fred M. Vinson|Vinson]] (1934B) – blue<br/>
1704 – Julian and [[John W. Snyder|Snyder]] (1934C) – blue<br/>
1705 – [[Georgia Neese Clark|Clark]] and Snyder (1934D) – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$10
|<span style="display:none">1953</span>1953 to 1953-B
|Fr.1706
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1953-Fr.1706.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1953, Fr.1706, depicting Alexander Hamilton]]
|[[Alexander Hamilton]]
|1706 – [[Ivy Baker Priest|Priest]] and [[George M. Humphrey|Humphrey]] (1953) – blue<br/>
1707 – Priest and [[Robert B. Anderson|Anderson]] (1953A) – blue<br/>
1708 – [[Elizabeth Rudel Smith|Smith]] and [[C. Douglas Dillon|Dillon]] (1953B) – blue

|-
! scope="row"|$1
|<span style="display:none">1935-A</span>1935-A
|Fr.2300 
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1935-A-Fr.2300.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1935A, Fr.2300, depicting George Washington]]
|[[George Washington]]
|2300 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] – brown

|-
! scope="row"|$1
|<span style="display:none">1935-A</span>1935-A
|Fr.2306 
|[[File:US-$1-SC-1935-A-Fr.2306.jpg|200px|alt=$1 Silver Certificate, Series 1935A, Fr.2306, depicting George Washington]]
|[[George Washington]]
|2306 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] (1935A) – yellow

|-
! scope="row"|$5
|<span style="display:none">1934-A</span>1934-A
|Fr.2307 
|[[File:US-$5-SC-1934-A-Fr.2307.jpg|200px|alt=$5 Silver Certificate, Series 1934A, Fr.2307, depicting Abraham Lincoln]]
|[[Abraham Lincoln]]
|2307 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]]  (1934A) – yellow

|-
! scope="row"|$10
|<span style="display:none">1934-A</span>1934 to 1934-A
|Fr.2309 
|[[File:US-$10-SC-1934-A-Fr.2309.jpg|200px|alt=$10 Silver Certificate, Series 1934A, Fr.2309, depicting Alexander Hamilton]]
|[[Alexander Hamilton]]
|2308 – [[William Alexander Julian|Julian]] and [[Henry Morgenthau, Jr.|Morgenthau]] (1934) – yellow<br/>
2309 – Julian and Morgenthau (1934A) – yellow
|-
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Numismatics}}
* [[Gold certificate]]
* [[Silver standard]]
* [[Silver as an investment]]
* [[Representative money]]
* [[Silver certificate (Cuba)]]

==Footnotes==
{{Reflist|group="nb"}}
{{reflist|group=note}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|20em}}

==References==
*{{cite journal |last1=Agger |first1=Eugene E. |year=1918 |title=The Denominations of the Currency |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=257–277 |doi= 10.2307/1885428|jstor= 1885428}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Ascher |first1=Leonard W. |year=1964 |title=The Coming Chaos in Our Coinage |journal=Financial Analysts Journal |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=99–102 |jstor= 4469657 |doi=10.2469/faj.v20.n3.99}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Barnett |first1=Paul |year=1964 |title=The Crime of 1873 Re-examined |journal=Agricultural History |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=178–181 |jstor=3740438 }}
*{{cite book |last1=Blake |first1=George Herbert |year=1908|title=United States paper money|work= |volume= |issue= |pages = |publisher=George H. Blake |doi= |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=2AaJra9gtSUC&pg=PA32 |accessdate=13 March 2014|edition=|isbn=}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Carothers |first1=Neil |year=1932 |title=A Senate Racket |journal=The North American Review |volume=233 |issue=1 |pages=4–15 |jstor= 25113955}}
*{{cite book |last1=Cuhaj|first1=George S.| year=2012 |title= Standard Catalog of United States Paper Money |journal= |volume= |issue=|pages= |publisher= Krause Publications |doi= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yZ7V_IQzwY4C|accessdate=14 February 2014|edition=|isbn=978-1-4402-3087-5}}
*{{cite report |last=Dillon| first=C. Douglas| year=1963 |title= Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the State of the Finances |journal= |volume= |issue=|pages=400–403|publisher= United States Government Printing Office|url=https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/194/item/5455}}
*{{cite book |last1=Friedberg |first1=Arthur L. |last2=Friedberg |first2=Ira S. |year=2013 |title= Paper Money of the United States: A Complete Illustrated Guide With Valuations |journal=|volume=|issue=|pages= |publisher= Coin & Currency Institute |doi= |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=eMFWoWl2UYkC&pg=PA182 |accessdate=14 February 2014|edition=20th|isbn=978-0-87184-520-7}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Friedman |first1=Milton |year=1990 |title=The Crime of 1873 |journal=Journal of Political Economy |volume=98 |issue=6 |pages=1159–1194 |jstor=2937754 |doi=10.1086/261730}}
*{{cite book |last1=Grey|first1=George B. | year=2002 |title= Federal Reserve System: Background, Analyses and Bibliography |journal= |volume= |issue=|pages= |publisher= [[Nova Science Publishers, Inc.]]|doi= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8W2LEYUC_LkC|accessdate=14 February 2014|edition=|isbn=978-1-59033-053-1}}
*{{cite book |last1=Knox |first1=John Jay |year=1888 |title=United States Notes: A history of the various issues of paper money by the government of the United States|work= |volume= |issue= |pages =|publisher=Charles Scribner’s Sons |doi= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3T8KAQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=|edition=3rd|isbn=}}
*{{cite book |last1=Leavens |first1=Dickson H. | year=1939 |title= Silver Money |journal= |volume= |issue=|pages= |publisher= Principia Press, Inc. |doi= |url= http://cowles.econ.yale.edu/P/cm/m04/|accessdate=13 February 2014|edition=|isbn=}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=Alfred E. |year=1886 |title=Bimetalism in the United States |journal=Political Science Quarterly |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=386–399 |jstor=2139359 |doi=10.2307/2139359 }}
*{{cite journal |last1=McVey |first1=Frank L. |year=1902 |title=The Reclassification of the Paper Currency |journal=Journal of Political Economy |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=437–442 |jstor= 1819565 |doi=10.1086/250857}}
*{{cite journal |last1=O’Leary |first1=Paul M. |year=1960 |title=The Scene of the Crime of 1873 Revisited: A Note |journal=Journal of Political Economy |volume=68 |issue=4 |pages=388–392 |doi= 10.1086/258345|jstor= 1830011}}
*{{cite book |last1=Schwartz|first1=John |last2=Lindquist|first2=Scott| year=2011 |title= Standard Guide to Small-Size U.S. Paper Money – 1928 to Date |journal= |volume= |issue=|pages= |publisher= Krause Publications |doi= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E-m0VOFboFcC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=14 February 2014|edition=|isbn=978-1-4402-1703-6}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Taussig |first1=F.W. |year=1890 |title=The Silver Situation in the United States |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=291–315 |jstor= 1881888 |doi=10.2307/1881888|hdl=2027/uc1.$b245353 }}
*{{cite journal |last1=Taussig |first1=F.W. |year=1892 |title=The Silver Situation in the United States |journal=Publication of the American Economic Association |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=7–118 |jstor= 2485709}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book |last1=Hessler|first1=Gene |last2=Chambliss|first2=Carlson| year=2006 |title= The Comprehensive Catalog of U.S. Paper Money: All United States Federal Paper Money Since 1812 |journal= |volume= |issue=|pages= |publisher= BNR Press |doi= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZsubPwAACAAJ|edition=7|isbn=9780931960666}}
*{{cite book |last1=National Monetary Commission|year=1910 |title= Laws of the United States concerning money, banking, and loans, 1778-1909 |journal= |volume= |issue=|pages= |publisher=Government Printing Office |doi= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4SUwAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=14 February 2014}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|U.S. silver certificates}}
*[http://www.moneyfactory.gov Bureau of Engraving and Printing]
*[http://www.treasury.gov/Pages/default.aspx U.S. Department of the Treasury]
*[http://www.uspapermoney.info/ USPaperMoney.Info]

{{Obsolete U.S. currency and coinage}}
{{Featured list}}

[[Category:Currency lists]]
[[Category:Historical currencies of the United States]]
[[Category:Banknotes of the United States]]
[[Category:Paper money of the United States]]
[[Category:Silver]]
[[Category:WikiProject Smithsonian Institution-related articles]]